Fredericksburg—Where History Never Gets Old

A September 2005 trip to Fredericksburg by zabelle Best of IgoUgo

The beautiful fruit saladMore Photos

Fredericksburg is quite possible the most historic city in the U.S. It has both Revolutionary and Civil War connections.

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Richard Johnston Inn Bed & BreakfastBest of IgoUgo

Hotel | "Richard Johnston Inn"

Richard Johnston Inn
A lucky coincidence found Bonnie, the innkeeper, on the back porch as we pulled into the parking lot. If there is a bed-and-breakfast anywhere with a better location than the Richard Johnston Inn, I will be very surprised. The visitor center is right across the street, and Caroline Street is the center of historic Fredericksburg.

Our room was on the second floor. Entering through the backdoor involves climbing a set a stairs onto the porch from the parking lot, so if stairs are an issue, this isn’t the right place for you. I fell in love with this inn as soon as we walked through the dining room and parlor into Bonnie’s little office below the staircase. The inn is beautifully decorated, but it is also warm and welcoming. It could have been the glass jar filled with chocolate chip cookies from Bonnie's special recipe (she has written a cookbook) that won me over, or maybe it was the little bowls filled with candy bars and chocolate treats. A woman after my own heart!

All this was confirmed by our warm welcome. We were taken on a tour of the house and led us up to our room. It was gorgeous, with a huge canopy bed; two sets of steps (one on each side of the bed) helped us climb in. All the furniture was antique: marble-top tables, converted gas lamps, etc. Again, the small touches were there: a decanter of brandy on the night stand, a trinket box with Ghirardelli chocolates on the dressing table, and two cozy robes hanging on the door. This was home away from home, if you have a beautiful antique-filled historic home, that is. The inn reportedly has a resident ghost, so be sure to ask about it.

The modern conveniences haven’t been forgotten, either. We had a small TV in our armoire, wi-fi is available, and our bathroom had plenty of thick towels and good shower pressure; it was located across the hall from our room, and I knew the configuration when I booked the room.
Breakfast is served between 7:30 and 9am. Coffee, however, is available earlier. During the week, breakfast is an extended continental with cereal, yogurt, a fantastic fruit bowl, coffee cake, juice, and coffee. On the weekend, all the stops are pulled out, and one day we had a cheese souffle and the other we had pancakes, with or without pecans, served with a praline sauce. On Saturday, we had the best bacon I have ever had with the souffle, and on Sunday, we had sausage balls, which are one of Bonnie's specialties.

What we loved about this inn was the warm atmosphere created by the furnishings and the innkeeper. We also appreciated the family atmosphere created by sharing a table with other guests at breakfast. One morning that meant that Al and I had the head and the foot of the table, which forced us to meet other people.
  • Member Rating 5 out of 5 by zabelle on March 26, 2006

Richard Johnston Inn Bed & Breakfast
711 Caroline St. Fredericksburg, Virginia 22401
(540) 899-7606

BelmontBest of IgoUgo

Attraction

The grounds
"I have bought an old place in Virginia on the Rappahannock by Fredericksburg and we expect to live there a good part of the time," Gari Melchers.

A visit to Belmont is eye-opening for a number reasons. I was unfamiliar with the work of American artist Gari Melchers. I can’t imagine how I haven’t come across his work before. There is a realism and yet a soft beauty. I became an immediate fan. Corinne Melcher was also a very talented artist, and there are examples of her work on display.

The history of Belmont begins long before the Melchers decided to call it home. The exact date of the construction has been lost with the original deed, but it was sometimes in the 1790s. The house was purchased by Joseph Ficklen in 1832 and remained in that family until it was purchased by the Melchers in 1916. It came through the Civil War unscathed but had fallen into disrepair by the time Gari and Corinne spent $12,000 to acquire a "country home and acreage."

The house, Belmont, must be visited on a tour. You are free to visit the gallery and grounds at your own pace. We arrived on a Saturday when a large tour group was expected. They didn’t want to send us on the house tour alone, so we had to wait for the tour to arrive. While we were waiting, I decided to visit the gallery. This turned out to be a very wise idea. The bus tour were seniors, and there were a lot of them.

Our visit to the house was effected by the size of the group we were in, and the guide apologized to us as we left. I would have loved to linger over some of the paintings both by the Melchers and by their friend George Hitchcox, but there were two other parts of the group waiting to enter the house. I felt a little slighted, but it was just one of those things. As important as seeing the house was learning about the painter himself. The love story of Gari and Corinne reads like a novel. She was an art student on a cruise to France. When finding out that the well-known artist was on the same ship, she arranged an introduction and the rest is history. The 25-year difference in their ages never was an issue, and she put her talent on hold to devote herself to promoting her husband both before and after his death. It is thanks to Corinne that the house was donated to Mary Washington College.

There is a 15-minute video that you can watch before or, as we did, after you visit the other parts. If the weather had been cooperative, the grounds would have been lovely to walk around.
I highly recommend a visit here, and take the time to visit the very nice gift shop.

  • Member Rating 4 out of 5 by zabelle on March 26, 2006

Belmont
224 Washington Street Fredericksburg, Virginia 22405
(540) 654-1845

Civil War in Fredericksburg
If you get the chance, don’t approach the Museum from Princess Anne Street; come in through the rear from Caroline Street. This gives you the view of the building facing the market square. Built in 1816, this impressive building served both as the Town Hall and the Market House. It is built in the Federal style and somehow survived the bombardment of the Civil War battlefield that was played out in Fredericksburg.

This is both a history and a social museum. On the ground floor, the exhibit entitled “The Art of Living” deals with the decorative arts and how they differed by class. You will be introduced to the class system as it existed from colonial times in Virginia: the aristocracy, the gentry, and merchant class, the lower order (poor whites and free blacks), and slaves. In Virginia, the majority of people fell into the gentry and merchant class. The dining implements of these classes are on display, and they range from decorated silver for the aristocracy to wood for the slaves. This is a very visual museum, and it is easy to understand the great difference in the classes through these exhibits. Obviously the majority of the exhibits have many more items from the gentry class, such as furniture and musical instruments, since the very fact that are made of superior materials made their chance of surviving over 200 years more likely. It is interesting to watch the Rocco style give way to Federal and then to neoclassical, all in a period of 50 or so years. Among the many interesting pieces is a tall clock that is thought to have belonged to Mary Washington. Another piece of Washington memorabilia is a mourning broach belonging to Betty Lewis Carter shown weeping at the tomb of her Uncle George Washington.

On the second floor there is a 10-minute video. What we do learn is that the City Council still meeting this building. We also learn that in 1824/25, the city gave a party for the Marquis de Lafayette in this building when he visited the city. What I found of particular interest is that this building has been the market hall since 1730, and they built the Town Hall on top of it, waste not, want not, I guess. This floor is divided into the 19th and 20th centuries. You go from the Civil War to Civil Rights, which makes for a very interesting transition. There are lots of newspapers and diaries documenting the privation of war. Take time to enjoy the exhibit on the important blacks in Fredericksburg’s history.

The third floor has a Masonic Exhibit, and among the treasures in the council room is a lock of George Washington’s hair.

This is a very interesting museum, so allow about 2 hours to do it justice. You finish up at the gift shop. There is an elevator to take you to the 2nd and 3rd floors.
  • Member Rating 4 out of 5 by zabelle on March 26, 2006

Fredericksburg Area Museum
907 Princess Anne Street Fredericksburg, Virginia 22401
(540) 371-3037

A greeting
Hop on board Molly the Trolley with Richard as your guide. The tour begins at the Fredericksburg Visitor Center. It takes 75 minutes to complete the tour. The first tour leaves at 10:30am and the last at 3:30pm. Tours are $15 for adults and $5 for children. When the weather is nice, it is an open-air trolley; unfortunately, we saw Fredericksburg as tropical storm Tammy dumped buckets of rain on the whole state of Virginia.

We tried to take the tour on Friday morning, but three tour buses were coming in and there were no seats available on any of the 10:30am trolleys. We came back Saturday morning and there were only 11 people on our tour. We were a mixed group, though, with riders from Georgia, Florida, Colorado, Minnesota, and, of course, Connecticut. The main reason I take a tour is to orient myself, but it is also a great way to pick up some interesting trivia about a city, and this tour was no exception. I had noticed that a lot of streets were named with people's first names: Princess Ann, Prince Edward, Amelia, Caroline, Sophia, George, Hannover, Frederick... do you see a pattern? Yes, this is the family of King George II. Actually, the city of Fredericksburg itself was named after the Prince of Wales, Frederick, who never lived to be the King of England. Since he was not well liked, this is probably a good thing.

We began our tour by driving down Canal Street, along the Rappohanock River. With all the rain, it was high and it was muddy, but not nearly as high as it has been in the past. We stop along the river. We learned that in its heyday as a port, 20 to 25 ships a day docked here. We look across to where Chatham is located; this is where the Union army crossed the river in December 1862. You begin to get an idea what a massive undertaking this would have been.

Richard keeps up an almost nonstop chatter filled with anecdotes as well as historic facts. He talks about Fredericksburg three fires, the over 90 antique dealers in present Fredericksburg, and the fact that the dining room at Kenmore is one of the 100 most beautiful rooms in the U.S. We hear that Martha Washington’s father is buried in the cemetery on Princess Anne Street. We drove by the Mary Washington House and St George Church, with its three Tiffany Windows. We learned that Fredericksburg changed hands ten times during the Civil War. We heard about Clara Barton and how she had nursed soldiers here in the Presbyterian Church, and when we drove by, there was a wedding going on there with a family we had gotten to know at the Richard Johnston Inn.

We finish up going by Mary Washington University and the Sunken Road. It was a very enjoyable tour.

  • Member Rating 4 out of 5 by zabelle on March 26, 2006

Fredericksburg Trolley Tour
706 Caroline Street Fredericksburg, Virginia

Bullet hole
The greater Fredericksburg area was actually the scene of four Civil War battles: Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania, Chancellorsville, and the Wilderness. Over 100,000 men fell in the four battles. Entrance to all four battlefields and the Fredericksburg National Cemetery are included in your pass to Historic Fredericksburg.

There is a 22-minute video in the visitor center that you may take either before or after your guided tour. Because of timing, we took the tour first, then visited the small museum in the basement of the center. Finally, we watched the video. It worked for us, but be sure to check with the rangers to find out what time the tour is leaving the center.

Our guide was Royce Cook, an out-of-state volunteer who donates his time every year to give tours of the battlefield. You can’t fault that kind of passion. There were about 20 people in our group and there is walking involved. Because we followed the Sunken Road for much of the time, a wheelchair might be possible on this path.

We began by getting a brief history lesson about the battles that were fought in this area. It was at The Wilderness that Generals Lee and Grant first met. We learn about the Union Army and the difficulties Lincoln had his General McClellan, who built a fine army but never did anything with it. He defied Lincoln, mocked him behind his back, and was replaced by Ambrose Burnside. He did not have the love or faith of his troops, but he did come to Fredericksburg with a plan. He was to move quickly and take Fredericksburg and outrace Lee, who was in Richmond. Unfortunately, the promised pontoon boats were 10 days late, thus killing the element of surprise. Confederate snipers decimated the Union engineers trying to build a bridge, and in retaliation, the Union troops plundered the town of Fredericksburg. The inhabitants left everything behind; the army left nothing. It wasn’t until the 1930s that the population returned to its 1860s level. What we had finally was 120,000 Union troops and 78,000 Confederate facing each other at Mary’s Heights.

Different tours have different topics, and ours was The Sunken Road. The sunken road was exactly what it sounds like, a road lower than the level of the surrounding land, and in the battle of Fredericksburg, it was supplied, along with the stone wall, a lot of natural protection. The Confederates used it to their advantage. About 8,000 Union troops were slaughtered as they tried to cross 50 yards below the sunken road. We get a very graphic description of the carnage. This is the bloodiest landscape in North America. Hearing about it was one thing; watching the video made it much more real.

Part of the tour is visiting the Stevens House and the Richard Kirkland Memorial, both of which have fascinating stories attached. I leave it to you to visit and hear them.
  • Member Rating 5 out of 5 by zabelle on March 26, 2006

Fredericksburg Battlefield
Lafayette Boulevard & Sunken Road Fredericksburg, Virginia

The Farmhouse
"He has lost his left arm, but I have lost my right arm." Lee commented on Jackson’s wound.

We were on the road after lunch heading for our next stop, Richmond, when I saw the sign for the Stonewall Jackson Shrine. How could I pass that up? I had no idea what it was, but a shrine to a general had to be worth a detour. It actually is quite a detour, maybe 4 or 5 miles of back roads from where I saw the sign.

We pulled up the long driveway and stopped to read the signs that were posted around the roundabout. I hadn’t really been aware of what an important stop this would turn out to be. The Stonewall Jackson Shrine is the farmhouse where the famous Confederate General died. It is owned by the National Park Service, which I always love because it keeps things more natural.

A graduate of West Point, Thomas Jackson was teaching at the Virginia Military Institute at the beginning of the Civil War. He was made a brigadier general after the first battle at Manassas. It was here that he earned his nickname when General Bee declared, “There is Jackson standing like a stone wall.”

His prowess as a general made his fame grow to mythic proportion on both sides. He was loved and feared in equal parts by his men and his enemies. It was one of those horrible turns of fate that saw him be shot by friendly fire on May 2, 1863, at the Battle of Chancellorville. It was as it turned out a major turning point in the war. It was not a fatal wound, and he was taken from the battlefield to a safe place to recuperate. His arm had to be amputated and his severed limb was taken to be buried at the family cemetery of his chaplain, B. Tucker Lacy. Ultimately, it was pneumonia that took his life.

He had been taken to Guinea Station, and the farmhouse where he died was part of Thomas Chandler's plantation. It was an office building that had been used as a doctor's office by one of the sons of the house. This building was chosen over the main house because it was private and quiet and he would be able to rest after the long, hard ambulance ride. It is hard to even imagine today what a horror that ride must have been. His left arm had been amputated at the battlefield hospital, and it was 27 miles in a wagon over rutty dirt roads to the house. That alone would have killed a normal man. He survived for six excruciating days.

About 45% of the interior of the house is original. It is very poignant to see the bed and the original blanket that covered the general. His wife, Mary Anna, and his baby daughter, Julia, arrived to on May 7th. The tiny house must have been bursting at the seems with the doctor, the staff, and the family. There are only four or five rooms on the two floors, but still, this is one of the most emotional places we visited on this trip. He was an amazing man and his death was a death blow to the Confederacy. He was also a highly religious man whose last words reflect the duality of his personality.

"A few moments before he died, he cried out in his delirium, 'Order A.P. Hill to prepare for action! Pass the infantry to the front rapidly! Tell Major Hawks'—then stopped, leaving the sentence unfinished. Presently a smile of ineffable sweetness spread itself over his pale face, and he said quietly, and with an expression, as if of relief, 'Let us cross over the river, and rest under the shade of the trees.'"

Later in our trip, we visited the house he and his wife shared in Lexington while he was a teacher. I wish I had known more about him and his life before I visited the place he died.

About the Writer

zabelle
zabelle
Portland, Connecticut

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