Imagine the former Sandwich Islands ruled as separate entities. Imagine, for instance, that Maui is ruled by Britain, Kauai by Russia, and Oahu by Japan (which is often cited as true in popular jest), leaving the Big Island the sole U.S. possession. Imagine a different language spoken on each island where the local Hawaiian culture was diluted and folded into that of its ruling motherland.
It's not difficult to imagine the challenges that could result in this scenario. From controlling fishing lanes to determining laws for environmental protection, from establishing passport control booths on inter-island flights to arguments over whale-watching boundaries, all manner of trouble may ensue. Worst of all, I'd need a passport to hop to the Big Island. So why didn't Japan, Holland, Australia, Russia, Britain or France each nab a piece of this island pie as they have elsewhere in the world?
Before King Kamehameha united the major islands of the Kingdom of Hawaii, it was all but inevitable that Hawaii would be overtaken by an outside power once fellows began arriving in sailing ships. Realizing this, the wise king surmised that unification would be the only stronghold against such a takeover and accomplished the task with the help of haole (outsider) weaponry and strategy.
Dragging a borrowed cannon up the `Iao valley, Kamehameha crushed the Maui King's forces in a battle resulting in the infamous "river of blood."
Kauai presented more challenge, as it was further away and separated from the other islands by notoriously treacherous channels. By the time Kamehameha arrived there, he wasn't the only king with weapons, as the king of Kauai had already been awakened to the possibility by their own visiting friends from Russia and Japan. Just about every major political force at the time sent emissaries to the islands with the intention of gaining a stronghold on what was now an important whaling center and shipping lane.
Eventually, between winning battles, slaying rulers and making wise treaties, Kamehameha the Great united the islands of the Kingdom of Hawaii and called the new kingdom "Hawaii" after his home island (now known as both Hawaii and the Big Island to distinguish it from the state as a whole).
In spite of Kamehameha's victory, Hawaii was to remain exposed and vulnerable to outside domination. The civil battles had taken their own toll on the population, but much more treacherous were the germs and disease brought by the arrival of outsiders.
Since Hawaii's people had been isolated for so many centuries, they had no antibodies to fight even the simplest cold, influenza or measles, a severe disadvantage that decimated 90% of the population. With no armies, no weapons, and no ability to defend themselves, having been unified mattered little in the long run, except to assure that whoever did take control would assume command of the entire island chain.
The original settlers of Hawaii, the mighty Polynesian adventurers, bested the best of the famed European navigators by nearly a millennium with their amazing voyage across the Pacific. Traveling in outrigger canoes, guided only my natural awareness and intuition, they sailed uncharted waters and found paradise.
How did they know it was out there to be found? How did they manage to travel so long in open waters in open vessels? Their journey remains one of the most mysterious, impressive and mind-boggling journeys in human history. How ironic that these gifted seafarers would eventually become victims, falling under the moist breath of mere latecomers who "discovered" their island by far less impressive means.
In the case of Captain Cook, the also-ran was also mistaken as a god. Arriving from the sea in a billowing sailing ship, wearing alien finery and presenting gifts of exotic, glimmering metals and silks, the locals believed him to be Lono, the god of fertility and abundance, and treated him with all due respect.
Who could have known the result of this hospitality? Everything seemed to happen so fast at the turn of the 19th century. Amidst civil war and unification, great explorers arrived on the scene, whaling developed as a major industry, and missionaries hoped onboard intent on civilizing the natives and sailors.
Within 50 years, the landscape of Hawaii had changed dramatically. The traditional rural lifestyle, kapu order, and land divisions were all replaced with a plantation lifestyle fueled with workers imported from around the globe, resulting in the most highly mixed cultural melting pot anywhere.
The late 1800s signaled the end of the Hawaiian monarchy, the takeover of a kingdom, the annexation of Hawaii by the United States of America. In short order, the world watched the growth of one of the planet's most prized tourist industries, and in 1959 Hawaii was granted statehood, becoming the 50th State of the Union.
Hawaii has been recreated, as has all the world, in the past 200 years. Although we may long to hold on to the old ways, the romanticized version of the past, the simpler life we see represented in images of Old Hawaii, one thing is true -- change is inevitable. Yet, the spirit and culture of the original kingdom of Hawaii is very, very strong.
Hawaii may be part of the U.S., but it is truly a world apart in so many ways. As to the inevitability of change, who should better accept this than Hawaiians? After all, the Big Island is only a baby in geological terms (only 400,000 years old and growing), and changes daily as it grows even larger as the result of the tenaciously spewing Kiluaea. Gigantic fingers of lava streamed from Mauna Loa a number of times in recent history, annihilating everything in their path more than once. It's not over. Further eruptions continue to threaten.
According to local legend, the volcano goddess Pele was angered when King Kamehameha ignored her, being more intent on his fishponds. Her wrath destroyed those favored ponds and they are just now starting to blossom again with life.
Meanwhile, man has sped up the process in certain places, turning barren black ash into vibrant tropical oases. Multimillion-dollar home sites sit on land the early Hawaiians have avoided at all costs - barren lava fields.
Kamehameha attempted to ward off the inevitable demise of his kingdom, but he certainly couldn't ward off disease or volcanic destruction. If you take a snapshot of history at any given time, I'm sure it appears things are not as they should be in that moment. But step back a bit, let time pass, and as things change, you see it's all meant to be.
After a thoughtful visit to the Big Island, where locals go to commune with the spirits of the ancestors, goddesses and gods, you will likely come away convinced, as I was, that it's all good, even the lava flows and apparent violent forces of destruction. Nature has a way of straightening things out.
For one thing, I'm happy I can go from Maui to Oahu to the Big Island without a passport. For another, I'm glad I live on the island where the volcano is dormant... or so they say.