Verona, like many Italian cities, has a surfeit of churches… one often wonders how they could have used, much less built, them all. Most Italian churches don’t require an admission fee, but five churches in historic Verona do… and they are well worth it. The five churches are Basilica San Zeno (off Stradone Porta Palio), Chiesa San Fermo (Stradone San Fermo), Chiesa Santa Anastasia (Via San Pietro Martire), the Duomo (Via San Gusto), and Chiesa San Lorenzo (Corsa Cavour). To see them individually will cost you two Euros each, a combination ticket will cost only five Euros. Now here is my admonition: when I got to the first church, they really wanted to sell me the combination ticket, but I just couldn’t see getting to five churches. Now the good news is that I didn’t… the bad news is that I got to four… let’s see, two people times three Euros… that’s a nice bottle of wine.
The Chiesa San Fermo is easily the most compelling. It sits on the site of the torture and death of saints Fermo and Rustico in 304. The original church was built in the 5th and 6th centuries. Between 1065 and 1143, the Benedictines built two Romanesque churches, a lower church for the relics and an upper church for services. Since then, a lot of renovation has been done, but the upper church you see was finished by the mid 14th century. The relics now sit in its altar.
It’s the ceiling. The ceiling of San Fermo was built to represent the inside of the hull of a boat. Around it were painted the faces of over 200 saints. It is unique… it is worth seeing. Otherwise, it is a single nave church with a number of side chapels, two of which are significant in terms of size and decoration. There is the Brenzoni chapel on the right which contains the hanging tomb of Barnaba da Morano (d. 1411) and Our Lady’s Chapel, which is filled with 17th-century art.
Towards the transept, on the right hand side is the door that will take you to the Lower Church. Here you will find a Romanesque church with murals that date to the 12th to 14th century. It contains the stone on which Sts. Fermo and Rustico were apparently killed and the whole place has an air of solemnity.
The Church of San Lorenzo was originally built in the 4th century and rebuilt in the 12th century after an earthquake. Its most noticeable feature is the women’s gallery that sits above the nave. It’s a small church with a nave flanked by side aisles. There are altars at the end of each aisle and altars at the end of the transepts… five altars in all. Other than that, it has some decoration, but its salient point is its age, which it wears rather gracefully.
The Cathedral or Duomo is dedicated to Santa Maria Assunta. There has been a church on this site since the 4th century. The building you see was damaged by the 12th century earthquake, reconstructed and its interior renovated in the 15th and 16th centuries. Among the things you will notice as significant are: the side chapels are all marble and of the same structure, but the murals on the walls around them are different, making them look like individual churches or temples. The Memo chapel in the right transept is all marble with a rotunda and classical features. The rotunda has a narrow gallery, I couldn’t tell if it was actually meant to be used or if it were just for show. The chapel presents very well, as it was last redone in the 18th century. The chancel is fronted by columns which come out into the nave in a semicircle; the effect is very nice. The organ cases are quite extraordinary, there is one on each side of the chancel. As one would expect of the Duomo of such an important city, there is a lot to see… it is worth the visit. Nearby is the Chiesa Santa Anastasia.
Santa Anastasia is a 15th-century church with a central nave and wide side aisles. Along the aisles are four side altars on each side before the transept. Each is different is shape and style. This church is really beautiful, with highly decorated vaults and a magnificent organ case. Perhaps its most charming features are the marble holy water stoups as one enters. Each sits at the foot of a column. One is obviously a hunchback supporting the bowl, the other is known as Pasquino or Easter because it appeared on Easter, 1591. Flanking the chancel and in the transepts are seven chapels… all in all, a very nice church.
I did not have a chance to see the fifth church, San Zeno, but we did drop into San Nicolo all’ Arena (Via san Nicolo) and we quite liked it. This church is neoclassical with its barrel vaulted ceiling and faux Corinthian columns. It’s easy on the eyes, all in white and gold with a single nave. What it does have are 16 niches with larger-than-life saint statuary. The side altars, there are four on each side before the transept, all feature a heavy use of marble. The altar in the chancel is quite significant but the organ case at the rear of the apse is not. Only the floors in this church indicate its age… I would guess late 17th century, possibly 18th, but a very nice church nonetheless.
Well, you can avoid them or enjoy them… they are everywhere. At the risk of sounding cynical, a seat in a pew is a nice respite from the day of walking.