Climb Arthur's Seat, the extinct volcano that dominates the skyline of the city. I think the red rock of Salisbury Crags look almost like Australian desert cliffs in the sunshine, and the twisty paths like the Inca Trail in Peru. If that is too much activity then stroll up Calton Hill at sunset to see views across the city, the rocky islands of the Firth of Forth and the famous Fourth Bridge in the distance.
The main shopping street, Princes Street, is flanked by lush gardens, which mark the divide between the old and new towns. The views here are dominated by the world-famous castle, perched atop a volcanic crag, and the dark spire of the Scott Monument, dedicated to the novellist Sir Walter Scot. Usually the skirl of pipes is heard, as this is a favoured spot for buskers dressed in the full tartan regalia. During the festival the pipers are often joined by musicians from across the globe, making a quick walk down the high street a multi-cultural experience.
Take a picnic onto the Meadows, a big park by the city centre, in the summer -- people just hang out here on the grass enjoying rare Scottish sun. Another green space is found in the Botanic Gardens, on the north side of the city. Entry is free and they are open between dawn and dusk. Get the 23 bus from Princes Street, or walk past the large stone houses of the New Town.
Quick Tips:
For a different night out, the Stand Comedy Club, just off St. Andrews Square on Queen Street, does a cheap night on Wednesdays; sometimes they have special guests that aren't billed.
The Cameo cinema on Home Street, near Tollcross, does a two for one matinee show on Sunday afternoon, perfect for one of those rainy Scottish weekends.
The Grassmarket (a former gallows site when public execution was common) is one of the centres of Edinburgh social life; lined with pubs, bars, pavement cafes, and tiny shops selling all manner of things. The excellent Finnegans Wake Irish pub is here as is the White Hart, the first pub to be opened in Edinburgh. The Three Sisters, just off the Grassmarket, is a good bar, but it’s probably best avoided on Saturday nights as it is hen/stag night central, that is, unless you are on a hen/stag party.
Best Way To Get Around:
Edinburgh is small enough to get around on foot, and the grid pattern of the new town makes things easy to find. The old town is built along the slope of Castle Hill, and includes lots of windy wee roads. The bus service is frequent and reliable, even on a Sunday, but the timetable displayed on bus shelters is usually out of date. At night, you can get a pedal 'rickshaw' home from the pubs and clubs in the city centre, but I think these cost a fair bit.