How odd to write an entry about a bridge . . . However, this bridge has been named one of the seven wonders of the engineering world and Virginia Beach, VA is at one end of this marvel. In fact, the Discovery Channel has devoted an entire hour to understanding how this combination bridge/tunnel was conceived, constructed and improved as the years have gone by.
The story, according to geologists starts when this world was very young. A comet or asteroid struck the earth forming Chesapeake Bay. If you're not used to the area -- and we weren't -- the roadways are a maze of bridges, tunnels, and land based roadways. The James River looks more like a bay itself and the York River isn't much smaller. But it all comes together and dumps into Chesapeake Bay. By all accounts this Bay is rather inhospitable. It can direct the waves of hurricanes on shore in the summer and fall, and then winter adds strong winds and stinging cold spray. In fact, in the middle of building this structure a hurricane came along and sunk an expensive boat used in constructing the bridges. We were there on a late fall day where the stinging cold spray was all too real.
We entered the structure from the Virginia Beach side and paid a toll of $10.00. You rise up off the beach and ascend a high bridge (clearance 75 ft.), then come back down to level off at about 30 feet off the water just before the bridge makes a wide sweeping 90 degree turn. The northbound lanes (the side we drove on first,) make up the original bridge, which was finished in 1964. There was one lane going each way until a second parallel bridge was added in 1999 allowing for two lanes going in either direction.
After the turn you will drive straight until you get to the first of four man-made islands. Yes, man-made islands. There was 300,000 tons of rock and 1,500,000 tons of sand, most of which came from the floor of the bay used in making these islands. Each of the four islands is an entrance or exit for a tunnel. The first, coming from our direction was called Thimble Shoal Tunnel and the second was called Chesapeake Channel Tunnel (both about a mile long.) On the first island of the Thimble Shoal Tunnel (the southernmost island), there is a long fishing pier as well as a restaurant and souvenir store. We stopped and had a lunch of hot dogs and watched several large ships pass over the tunnel and out into the Atlantic Ocean.
After lunch we continued through the second tunnel and then onto a bridge which allows an 75 ft. clearance. Lastly we descended down onto the Delmarva Peninsula. We drove a short ways, did a U-turn and drove back on the new side. The main difference between the ‘64 side and the ‘99 side is the presence of a shoulder. The ‘99 has one and the ‘64 doesn’t. The entire bridge carries U.S. Rt. 13 just under 18 miles and allows you to drive 55 MPH. The water is between 25 and 100 feet in depth. I hope you get the opportunity to either drive the bridge or see the Discovery Channel piece on it. What an amazing engineering feat.