Carcassonne is generally made up of two cities - the medieval city on the hill where the Cathars were assaulted by the Catholics in the 12th century, and the city below the medieval one.
The city below is there because after the Catholics conquered Carcassonne, the original inhabitants of the city wanted to put their people back in charge of the city sometime later (peacefully), but the French (catholic) King said basically "if you`re gonna be like that then you can stuff off and live in the valley".
So he banished them from the city and they had to build their town outside of it`s walls, which is where the `new` city started, and has been built up over the centuries, so the oldest buidlings are the ones nearest the medieval walled city.
Medieval Carcassonne is the only inhabited medieval walled city in the world. It was renovated in the 18th century by a French history and architect buff, who got a couple of things historically wrong when fixing the city up. The spires on top of the towers are grey pointy ones, whereas the originals would have been pink flat ones, and the castle also didn`t have the arrow slits until it was renovated. Apart from that though, the city is pretty much as it would have looked 800 years ago.
Except now there are different sorts of shops, and electricity. Oh, and also people driving cars round it (the ones that live there).... nearly running down the tourists.
The shops are excellent if you have any spare dosh.... mostly jewellery, clothes, food, and tourist stuff. There are a few cash machines around if you run low (which you will after seeing some of the stuff on offer).
It`s an amazing city, and the only bit you`d have to pay to see is the central castle itself. We didn`t do that this time, as the city itself is more than enough to spend a day looking at. Make sure you stay in the evening as well if you like taking photos - it`s all lit up by huge lights at night. Take some photos from `Pont Neuf` (new bridge) for some excellent views.
This city is the one featured in the movie Robin Hood - Prince of Thieves (Kevin Costner), though I can`t remember it. Will have to rent it out again soon and endure the American accents in Medieval English clothes.
Carcassonne is truly one of the best places in the world to visit if you`re into either castles or history. Nowhere else can I think of actually taking you back to what life must have been a bit like in the middle-ages. From the cobbled stone streets and alleys, to the huge well and the (mostly) original battlements and hidden areas.
We`ll definitely be going back.