Local pubs in Amsterdam can be a bit dull to be honest, but there are some good ones around, let me take you on a short tour.
't Doktertje
Alley of the Kalverstraat (from the dam alley on the right), behind the Espritstore.
The smallest pub in Amsterdam as far as I know,with an impressive selection of Whiskeys. It also has a broad collection of items put on the wall since it opened. One hassle though, you must take the stairs up to the toilet, but then again what's life without a little tension. Note: Pub plays jazz music most of the time.
Kapitein Zeppos
I know where it is, but I have to see on the map where exactly.
An old jazz cafe that had a few famous ones peforming there. Now one can relax with a beer in the bar. One can also eat a nice meal in here.
De Kat in de Wijngaard
Situated on the crossing of the Lindengracht en the 2e looiersdwarsstraat.
An Amsterdam cafe with a minimal kitchen, but fabulous sandwiches. Also a very old pub that breaths atmosphere and ambience, surely a nice place to visit.
De Schutter
Situated in "de Steeg", on the Spuiplein, the alley right across from the Esprit Cafe. Walk in to the alley and after a few paces it is on the left side. One has to go up the stairs.
This is a nice local pub, a bit on the student side, but that can be fun as well. Take a look at the ceiling while you're there. Food is OK here, so don't hesitate to have a bite.
De Tap
When you are on the Leidseplein, look in the direction of the Leidsestraat (McDonalds), walk past the the Mac and take the first canal to the left. Walk past one or two coffeeshops and it is there. One can recognize it by the wooden benches and tables outside. The tap is a real "bruin cafe" and is brilliant to drink. Note the tables on the left when one enters.
de Tapmarin
Situated on the van Wou straat, 3rd or 4th street after crossing the Ceintuurbaan, and can be reached with tram 4/3/20.
Just a very popular, but local, pub; brilliant to watch Dutch and Ajax games. Good food and a nice atmosphere. Not one to miss.
Cafe Luxembourgh
Situated on the Spuiplein, or 't Spui.
One can not miss this one. Once famous for its stewardesses on Sunday afternoons, and a nice grand cafe where one can be poshy.
Cafe de Zotte
From the Leidsestraat, walk to the Melkweg (Milkyway) and pass the bridge at the police station, then walk on and take the first street on the right, on the corner is Cafe Klaassen, walk past there and on the right side one can see it.
It's a Belgian beer cafe with 100 different sorts of beers, and ten or so of them on draft. The food, particularly the cheese and the sausages, are brilliant. Go here, drink, eat and afterwards do what ever comes to mind.
Enjoy, and await part II.