Angkor Thom

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Angkor Thom

  • June 16, 2008
  • Rated 5 of 5 by SeenThat from Tel Aviv, Israel
Angkor Thom

Downtown Angkor

The Angkor complex was immense and included areas serving various functions. At its peak, Angkor Wat was its largest and most elaborated temple, but the administration of the Khmer kingdom was not done from there but from the nearby downtown area, usually known as Angkor Thom.

Jayavarman VII

Built in the late twelfth century by king Jayavarman VII, Angkor Thom was the last Khmer capital city in the Angkor area. At its center, the king placed the state temple, the Bayon. An inscription found in the city refers to it as a bride and to Jayavarman VII as the groom.

Location

Angkor Thom was built slightly southeast and overlapping parts of Yasodharapura, the earlier kingdom’s capital, and by the bank of the Siem Reap River, a tributary of the Tonle Sap Lake. It was roughly two kilometers north of Angkor Wat.

Name

Until the sixteenth century, the old name of Yashodharapura was in use; only then Angkor Thom - namely meaning "Great City" - became popular.

Setup

The walled area of Angkor Thom was small, only nine square kilometers in size, an eight meters tall wall and a moat surrounded the town. At its center was the Bayon, which was connected by broad avenues to the city gates. Those were connected through bridges to the other parts of the complex; the naga-bridges feature guardrail shaped as naga serpents held by a row of devas on the left and asuras on the right (see pictures). An additional gate named the Victory Gate is north of the east gate; the Victory Way runs parallel to the east road connecting it with the Victory Square and the Royal Palace north of the Bayon.
Of the secular buildings of the city none survived since they were constructed of wood. A system of canals supplied the town with water. Theologically, the whole town could have been a representation – larger than Angkor Wat – of Mount Meru (see Angkor and Angkor Wat entries in this journal).

North of the Bayon was the Victory Square, and not far from there was the Royal Palace, which included the Phimeanakas Temple that for a while was the state temple. The Baphuon is another temple of interest. The city's last addition was the Mangalartha Temple in 1295, afterwards it entered a slow period of decay in which older structures were improved but none added. According to travelers' reports, by 1609 the city was abandoned.

The city gates – Gopura in Sanskrit and Khmer - feature twenty-three meters towers with faces similar to the ones appearing at the Bayon, though they were later additions. They are 3.5m wide and 7m tall; its wooden doors did not survive.

Prasat is a Khmer word derived from the Sanskrit "prasada," meaning "tower;" it usually refers to temples shaped as slightly elliptic towers. At Angkor Thom’s corners were Prasat Chrung - Corner Towers - built of sandstone and dedicated to Avalokiteshvara.

Terrace of the Elephants

King Jayavarman VII used the Terrace of the Elephants as a platform from which to view his army’s parades, as a place for public ceremonies and as a base for his Audience Hall; as such, it was attached to the Phimeanakas palace temple complex. The 350m-long terrace is named for the very distinctive elephants’ carvings on its eastern side. Other carvings, on the middle section of the retaining wall, included garudas (half-men half-bird deities) and lions.

From journal Godless Angkor

Editor Pick

Angkor Thom

  • February 26, 2006
  • Rated 5 of 5 by Kez from Broadbeach Waters, Australia
Angkor Thom

Angkor Thom is a walled complex that holds the Bayon. This was one of my favourite temple complexes, and the most amazing thing was that from a distance it looks like a pile of rubble. It is only as you are about to enter that you realize that all four sides, of the 54 towers, are carved with enigmatic smiling faces—these faces vary in features as well. The experts agree that there are four main types, it is really amazing, you have to see it!.

On entry, turn to your left and follow the gallery along a mesmerizing sequence of stories. They may not be in technicolour, but the carving and the events depicted are so detailed, and graphic, that you feel you are watching a movie unfold before you. Armies of soldiers row war canoes into battle with giant crocodiles snatching an easy meal, fierce warriors face off while holding on to their fighting dogs, and many more.

At the end, double back and enter the section with the towers. Each of these is around three stories high, they are hollow and inside many are small offerings and statues with incense burning. No matter where you are, there will be a face looking down on you, turn and enter a doorway and there is a face looking back.

The sheer scale of carving, also extends to the various pillars or columns upon which each has two or three dancing Apsara (heavenly nymphs), over a bed of lilies, delicately carved and full of movement. Every lintel is ornately carved, with more intricate carvings of deities. A surface that has not been decorated hardly remains .

When you have finished with the main temple area, the towers continue towards the west gate, and the Baphuon which is currently being restored and so it could not be accessed. Here, you will come across local people, mainly kids, that start to chat and offer to explain the history of the temples that they know by rote. They will normally then give you a story about how they need money for school, books, and so on and ask for money. However, they are not looking for the worthless Cambodian currency, but Thai baht because it is worth so much more. It’s up to you what you do, they normally scamper off when you turn to enter the complex of Phimeanakas.

This complex holds the royal bathing ponds and pools, but you won’t spend much time here.

Then past the terrace of the Leper King and lastly the terrace of the Elephants in the Royal Square. Again, it is easy to imagine the King standing on his platform in full command of his armies, assembled in their full battle gear waiting to march into battle, or on a hunt. The front face of the podium is carved with giant elephants, and the front section is carved so the trunks of the beasts jut out from the actual podium. Impressive and very difficult to photograph well.

From journal Amazing Temples of Angkor

Editor Pick

Angkor Thom

  • February 20, 2006
  • Rated 4 of 5 by Composthp from Singapore, Singapore
Angkor Thom

The royal residence of Jayavarman VII, Angkor Thom, is another must-see sight in Siem Reap. Much of the royal palace remains in ruins. Restoration, however, is underway.

Terrace of the Leper King
This was postulated to be a cremation site for the aristocracy of Angkor. The Terrace is built to reflect death and hell, while bas-reliefs depict scenes of royal pageantry, apsaras, nagas, and garudas on the slopes of Mount Mera (home of the Gods).

Terrance of the Elephants
Located opposite of the Terrace of the Leper King, this is also known as the Royal Terrace. It was built in the 12th century by Suryavarman I. It was originally the raised base of a hall and is decorated with a bas-relief of elephants and hunting scenes.

The Phimeanakas or the Flying Palace
This pyramidal temple in the center of the Royal palace stands mostly in ruins. Visitors can climb to the pinnacle via the back approach, although we saw a few adventurous souls who chose to risk injuries by climbing from the front. Here, we learnt from Mr Thy of a local myth where the Angkor kings were required to sleep in the tower every night with the nine-headed naga, in a form of a woman. Should he fail in this duty, the kingdom would suffer.

The Sras Srei
The Sras Srei or "swimming pool" as our guide likes to refer it as, was once a royal bath pool. Nowadays, it is the monks and local children who bath in it.

The Baphuon
This temple was built by Udayadityavarman II and is currently under major restoration, and currently off-limits to all visitors. The scented flowers of the Sleng trees encircling the temple permeate the air as we passed by and headed for the famed Bayon.

The Bayon
Another not-to-be-missed sight of Angkor is the Bayon, or the Temple of the faces. It is indeed a marvellous sight to behold. Images of Jayavarman VII as Bodhisattra facing four compass points, carved on blocks of stones towers high above smiling down on visitors. The intricate bas-reliefs of the outer walls, depicting scenes of daily life and major battle, were brought to life by our guide’s commentary.

Visiting Angkor Thom was a somewhat exhausting but exhilarating experience. Although there was less climbing compared to the previous day, we were overwhelmed by the expanse of the Royal complex. We returned to town for lunch, and a short break at the hotel, before commencing our afternoon tour of Banteay Srei and Tonle Sap.

From journal In the Footsteps of Lara Croft

Walk and Survey

  • March 14, 2005
  • Rated 3 of 5 by Loonlin from Bangkok, Thailand
As I said, this was a "fantastic, amazing" cultural experience; in the ancient time, they believed so strongly that they could build something great and be eternity,yeah i thought they might have a great "propaganda" ha ha. We're there by car,ah! do not looking pass their "Car" it's such a efficiency! And we're at Siam Reap after 5-6 hrs.for approx.157 km. from Thailand border! On New Year night nothing there..quiet no more sing or song..so we've a quiet celebrate New Year in peace while the sky so bright,cricket only who still singing..all night.We try to visit the castleS, so many but seem we need more time to be there but to stay 6 days it's too long for us so we went only the high-light:Ankor Wat, Ta-Prom-where the big trees growing cover the castel, Lan-Chang-where in the ancient time king use for ride an elephant,Ba-Yon-means father always take care you coz there're many king faces,Chai-war-ra-man King, sculpture along river-show how believe so influence for their mind! We going back with much more picture botn in our camera and of coz,in MIND.

From journal Celebrate a Quiet New Year's 2005

Editor Pick

Biking in Angkor

  • April 24, 2004
  • Rated 4 of 5 by nyc_camy from kaohsiung
Biking in Angkor

I started out from Ta Keo Guest house on the road near National HW 6 (near Chenla Guest house).

I have not biked in 4 years and even back 4 years ago, I was just a wobbly beginner. Today I rented a bike for a $1/day and gathered my courage and off I headed towards the Land Mine Museum, set up by Aki Ra.

Map in hand, I pedaled. I was really scared at first of the cars, the motos, and other bikers, but I pedaled slowly and eventually I got to my destination. On the way there, there were paved roads, semi-paved (bumpy), pebble roads, sand roads and dirt roads. My butt really took a hit on the pebble roads. Dirt roads are okay as long as there are no pebbles.

It took me about an hour to get there, while a moto would probably take 15 minutes. But along the way, there were quite a few Cambodian bikers who kept on looking at me curiously (I am Chinese, so I am a lot paler compared to Cambodians). Every time I saw them, I smiled, and I truly enjoy getting in return their sheepish and genuine smile.

I felt sort of a camaraderie with all bikers. After I got to the Land Mine Museum, I spent about 45 minutes looking at real land mines! Wow... I never knew there were so many kinds!

After looking at the metal pieces and reading some of Aki Ra's stories, I left for a sunset at Angkor Wat. At first, I thought I could just use the dirt road and do a shortcut. So I rode on past the zoo, and into the villages. There, I waved and smiled at all the Cambodians sitting in their huts. So many cute little kids!

I got to a dead end, and an old Cambodian lady, who obviously did not speak English, directed me to go another way. She was a friendly grandma without teeth. She did not quite have a teeth-showing smile.

Then I headed towards Angkor Wat using the larger car road (semi-paved). After getting there, because I was afraid of having my bike stolen, I sat near the lake and enjoyed the sunset.

I decided that since it was the end of my third day pass, I would go to see Bayon again. On the map, it looked really close, but... actually it wasn't! I had to go past Phnom Bakheng (another good place for sunset - and you can see Angkor Wat pretty clearly) and go into Angkor Thom via the North Gate. I pedaled, and by this time, my ass really hurt! But I went on and I rode around Bayon once, and realized that Lonely Planet had been right. Bayon was better in the morning.

I headed back to the guest house and finally got back in about an hour. All in all, it was a great experience - although my ass did hurt for three days after that.

From journal Cambodia -- SiemReap/Angkor

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