Description: Salamanca still a unique city! Not only for the atmosphere or architecture, but even by the fact that churches, of which every self-respecting Christian city have put one in Salamanca - two. One was built in Romanesque style, the second - Gothic and Renaissance styles, ibid Plateresque, but they are surprisingly - combine and complement each other.
Arriving in the city, reclaimed from the Moors in 1085, Count Raimundo de Bourgon, and his wife, the Infanta Dona Urraca noble (daughter of King Alfonso VI) were first employed, pressing problems: to enclose the city wall (it does not exist, but if you look at the map city, notably where it was held), in order to protect the city from the Moors, to build himself a palace, to take a population and to engage in the city .... After 17 years it was time to think about the soul - and in 1102 the couple founded the noble old cathedral, but rather to the jurisdiction of all the parishes in Salamanca and the surrounding area. Its construction began in 1140 and for the work taken several architects, for example, a Spaniard, Juan Franco, and Frenchman Pierre d "Aix. Gromada cathedral was erected in parts: foundation, nave, side walls (1150-1175), covered gallery and vaulting (1175-1200), Hen tower (torre del Gallo, due to the weather vane depicting a rooster) and dome (1175-1200). At the end of construction has already felt the influence of Gothic architecture - there are ribbed vaults, holding an enormous weight of the walls, pointed arches. In Tower, by the way, guess Byzantine influence - probably on the way to Santiago de Compostella Byzantine pilgrims stayed in Salamanca in large numbers and among them were skilled craftsmen.
Altar of the Old Cathedral is decorated with paintings of the Florentine Dello da Niccoló Delli in 1445 - that's over 53 paintings, which show the most important episodes from the life of Christ and the Virgin Mary. Above - fresco The Last Judgement ", as his work. On top of the altar decorated with statues of the Virgin Mary de la Vega, the patroness of Salamanca, is one of the best examples of medieval jewelry (XII century.). Completed it in wood, and covered with plates of copper, bronze and gold.
Right from the entrance to the chapel of San Martin, placed under the Bells Tower (Torre de las Campanas). He founded it in 1262, Bishop Pedro Pérez, which is where it was buried (in front). Gothic painting of the chapel depicts scenes of the burial of the bishop and scenes from the New Testament. This is known as the chapel chapel Oils (Capilla del Aceite), because it kept the clay jugs of oil, which was used for lamps of the cathedral. The walls are impressive, so the chapel during the Civil War, used also as a bomb shelter, where he was hiding, General Franco.
Around The indoor galleries along the walls of tombs, among them the tomb of Archdeacon Gutiérrez de Castro), with a magnificent relief. Nearby, four chapels, for example, the chapel of San Bartolome, family tomb of the family de Anaya y Maldonado, the center of it is the tomb of the founder of the chapel - the Archbishop of Salamanca Don Diego de Anaya and Maldonado (Diego de Anaya y Maldonado). The chapel is surrounded by a beautiful wrought-iron grille (1514). Capella, El Salvador has the Moorish arches, a cappella, Santa Barbara is known for the ancient tradition (known, incidentally, still in China V-VI centuries. AD) before the examinations for obtaining a scientific title All the candidates locked in there for 24 hours, then cross-examine (cruelly compared to a test in China, where applicants simply locked up with a list of exam questions on the day). Those who passed the exam, went to a special room for the celebration, those who did not pass - quietly left the cathedral through the door Carros.
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